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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION

2.0 EELGRASS 4
      2.1 INTRODUCTION 4
      2.2 METHODS 4
      2.3 RESULTS 6
      2.4 DISCUSSION 9
            2.4.1 Distribution in Project Vicinity 9
            2.4.2 Functional Assessment 11

3.0 SOFT-SHELL CLAMS AND MARINE WORMS 19
      3.1 INTRODUCTION 19
      3.2 METHODS 20
      3.3 RESULTS 21
      3.4 DISCUSSION 23
           3.4.1 Historical Perspective - Soft-Shell Clams 23
            3.4.2 Soft-shell Clam Habitat 26
            3.4.3 Factors Affecting Soft-shell Clam Populations 28
            3.4.4 Soft-Shell Clam Fishery 29
            3.4.5 Created Clam Flats 31
            3.4.6 Baitworms 34

4.0 LOBSTER, SEA SCALLOP AND SEA URCHIN FISHERIES 35
      4.1 INTRODUCTION AND METHODS 35
      4.2 RESULTS 36

4.3 DISCUSSION 39

5.0 PLANKTON 42

6.0 BENTHIC COMMUNITIES 48

      6.1 INTERTIDAL COMMUNITIES 48
            6.1.1 Benthic Communities at the Causeway 49
            6.1.2 Intertidal Benthic Communities at the Proposed Terminal Site 54
            6.1.3 Intertidal Habitat Functional Assessment 55

      6.2 SUBTIDAL COMMUNITIES 58
            6.2.1 Subtidal Benthic Communities at the Terminal Site 61
            6.2.2 Subtidal Habitat Functional Assessment

7.0 FISHERIES 63

8.0 LITERATURE CITED 78

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